18 Panel Data

This chapter introduces panel data which are observations of the same unit of analysis over time, e.g., people, cities, or countries. So far, only cross-sectional data was analyzed. This chapter on panel data starts to incorporate time aspects into the estimation procedure. There are also a YouTube Video and slides associated with this chapter:

• Panel Data - Video
• Panel Data - Slides

The required packages are plm and lmtest. The plm also contains some excellent documentation on the theoretical aspects of panel data as well as on the use of the package.